What did Sigmund Freud believe drives human thoughts and actions?

Sigmund Freud proposed that the subconscious mind plays a crucial role in shaping human thoughts and actions. He believed that many of our behaviors are influenced by unconscious processes that stem from our repressed desires, instincts, and past experiences. According to Freud, this subconscious mind is the repository of feelings, thoughts, and memories that we are not fully aware of, yet which significantly impact our behavior and decision-making. His theories emphasized that understanding the subconscious is essential for comprehending human psychology, including aspects of personal motivation and emotional responses. This perspective laid the foundation for both psychoanalysis and modern psychology, highlighting the complexity of human behavior beyond mere conscious reasoning.